*也被稱為 Anti-reverse Cap Analog (ARCA) ,即抗-反向帽類似物。
體外實驗的初始階段,絕大多數真核生物 mRNA 5' 端 m7G 帽結構可促進翻譯。對于絕大多數 RNA,帽結構都可提高 RNA 的穩定性,降低其對核酸外切酶降解的敏感性,并促進 mRNA 起始復合體的形成。一些具有 5' 端帽結構的原核 mRNA 也可以像真核 mRNA 一樣,能在真核生物無細胞蛋白合成體系中獲得高效翻譯。另外,還發現在真核生物靶 RNA 的剪切過程同樣需要帽結構。
用 7 甲基 G 帽結構類似物,m7G(5' )ppp(5' )G (NEB#S1404) 作為引物能在 SP6 RNA 聚合酶、T7 RNA 聚合酶和 T3 RNA 聚合酶作用下,轉錄出更多的帶帽RNA。因為轉錄時,T7 RNA 聚合酶摻入的*個堿基是 G,所以用 #S1405 或 #S1406 轉錄出帶有 A-帽結構的 RNA,就不能夠翻譯,但這對于轉染和顯微注射實驗有很好的穩定性。Contrease 等已經建立了一套方法,以 m7G(5' )ppp(5' )G (NEB #S1404)或 m7G(5' )ppp(5' )A (NEB #S1405) 為引物,利用 E. coli RNA 聚合酶,在體外有效合成帶帽 RNA。
帽類似物有兩個3' 羥基基團使得它們可從任一方向結合到 RNA 上。而抗-反向帽類似物(ARCA)3' OMethyl-m7G(5' )ppp(5' )G (NEB #S1411) 的一個羥基被甲基化,只能以 m7G 作為*個堿基與 RNA 結合,而這個方向可以增強體外翻譯。
N-7003
ARCA (Anti Reverse Cap Analog)
key step in cellular mRNA processing is the addition of a 5’ cap structure, which is a 5'-5' triphosphate linkage between the 5' end of the RNA and a guanosine nucleotide. The cap is methylated enzymatically at the N-7 position of the guanosine to form mature mCAP.
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Warren et al., Highly Efficient Reprogramming to Pluripotency and Directed Differentiation of Human Cells with Synthetic Modified mRNA, Cell Stem Cell (2010), doi:10.1016/j.stem.2010.08.012. | ||||
Anderson, B., Muramatsu, H., Nallagatla, S.R., Bevilacqua, P.C., Sansing, L.H., Weissman, D. & Kariko, K. Incorporation of pseudouridine into mRNA enhances translation by dimishing PKR activation (2010) Nucleic Acids Research, 38(17): 5884-5892. | ||||
Kariko, K., Buckstein, M., Ni, H. & Weissman, D. Suppression of RNA Recognition by Toll-like Receptors: The Impact of Nucleoside Modifiation and the Evolutionary Origin of RNA (2005). Immunity, 23(2), 165-175. | ||||
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Konarska MM, Padgett RA, Sharp PA. Recognition of cap structure in splicing in vitro of mRNA precursors. (1984) Cell. 38(3):731-6. | ||||
Miura K. The cap structure in eukaryotic messenger RNA as a mark of a strand carrying protein information. (1981) Adv Biophys. 14:205-38. | ||||
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Rosenberg M, Paterson BM. Efficient cap-dependent translation of polycistronic prokaryotic mRNAs is restricted to the first gene in the operon. (1979) Nature. 21;279(5715):696-701. | ||||
Filipowicz W. Functions of the 5,-terminal m7G cap in eukaryotic mRNA. (1978) FEBS Lett. 96(1):1-11. | ||||
Zan-Kowalczewska M, Bretner M, Sierakowska H, Szczesna E, Filipowicz W, Shatkin AJ. Removal of 5'-terminal m7G from eukaryotic mRNAs by potato nucleotide pyrophosphatase and its effect on translation. (1977) Nucleic Acids Res. 4(9):3065-81. |
N-7003-1 | ARCA | 1umole |
N-7003-10 | ARCA | 10umoles |
N-7003-5 | ARCA | 5umoles |